Рассмотрены вопросы применения информационных технологий для оценки площадных значений эвапотранспирации агроценозов по данным тепловой аэрокосмической съемки поверхности суши и наземных точечных метеорологических наблюдений. Для расчета пространственно-распределенных потоков эвапотранспирации в программной геоинформационной среде ILWIS составлен компьютерный код расчета. Этот код, основанный на модели энергетического баланса подстилающего слоя SEBS, был использован для расчета растров суточной эвапотранспирации за период май – август 2012 г. по территории Приволжской оросительной системы, расположенной в Марксовском районе Саратовской области. Для проведения расчетов были использованы данные спектрорадиометра MODIS и наземных метеорологических наблюдений на метеостанции г. Маркса. Анализ последовательных картограмм площадных агрегированных значений эвапотранспирации на экстенте проведения расчетов выявил закономерности одновременного формирования потоков эвапотранспирации на рядом расположенных богарных и орошаемых агроценозах в периоды, следующие за выпадением дождевых осадков, а также в засушливые периоды вегетации. Разработанный код может быть использован для оценки эффективности использования водных и земельных ресурсов при орошении посевов сельскохозяйственных культур.
Questions of information technology application to assess areal values of evapotranspiration of agrocoenosis in the base of both thermal remote sensing of land surface and ground meteorological data are considered. Computer code calculating daily space &-temporal evapotranspiration fluxes was developed in ILWIS geoinformation environment. This code based on SEBS model of energy balance of underlaying layer was used to calculate raster of daily evapotranspiration fluxes for May – August time period for territory of Pryvolghskaya Irrigation System situated at Marks District of Saratov Region. Data of spectroradiometer MODIS and weather monitoring at Marks meteorological station was used for evapotranspiration calculation. Carried-out analysis of the followed cartogram of areal evapotranspiration fluxes values at extent of realized calculation showed up some consistent patterns of simultaneous development of evapotranspiration fluxes at neighboring rain-fed and irrigated agrocoenosis at time period following the rain events and during drought season of vegetation. Developed cod may be used to assess effectiveness of water and land resources using for agricultural crop irrigation.
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